The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is one of the greatest interfaces (250-400 m2) in the human body between the host, environmental factors, and antigens. The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is harbours a complex and dynamic population of bacteria known as the gut microbiota, which has a significant impact on the host during homeostasis and disease. Several factors contribute to the development of the human gut microbiota during infancy. Diet is considered as one of the most important factors in creating the gut microbiota throughout life. Intestinal bacteria play a crucial role in maintaining immune and metabolic homeostasis and protecting against pathogens.
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