Foreign genetic material, such as DNA or RNA, is introduced into host cells through a process called gene delivery. Gene expression must be induced via gene delivery into the host cell's DNA. The ability of the foreign gene delivery to remain stable inside the host cell and to either integrate into or replicate independently of the genome is necessary for successful gene delivery. Gene therapy for human genetic diseases primarily requires gene delivery systems. One of the most promising treatments for a variety of diseases, including inherited disorders, viral infections, and cancers, is gene therapy.
Gene delivery, which also has applications in the genetic modification of crops, is a crucial step in gene therapy for the introduction or silencing of a gene to achieve a therapeutic outcome in patients.
For distinct types of cells and tissues, there are numerous various methods of gene delivery.Transfection refers to the process of delivering genes to animals. Transformation refers to the process of delivering genes to bacteria or plants.
There are two types of vectors used for gene delivery:
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